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Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008) - Senegal (2004)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008) z Senegal (2004)

 Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008)Senegal (2004)
 Ashmore and Cartier IslandsSenegal
Administrative divisions - 11 regions (regions, singular - region); Dakar, Diourbel, Fatick, Kaolack, Kolda, Louga, Matam, Saint-Louis, Tambacounda, Thies, Ziguinchor
Age structure - 0-14 years: 43.2% (male 2,368,011; female 2,325,298)


15-64 years: 53.7% (male 2,803,192; female 3,025,304)


65 years and over: 3% (male 158,881; female 171,461) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products - peanuts, millet, corn, sorghum, rice, cotton, tomatoes, green vegetables; cattle, poultry, pigs; fish
Airports - 20 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 9


over 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 6


914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 11


1,524 to 2,437 m: 6


914 to 1,523 m: 4


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area total: 5 sq km


land: 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island		 total: 196,190 sq km


land: 192,000 sq km


water: 4,190 sq km
Area - comparative about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly smaller than South Dakota
Background These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve. Independent from France in 1960, Senegal joined with The Gambia to form the nominal confederation of Senegambia in 1982. However, the envisaged integration of the two countries was never carried out, and the union was dissolved in 1989. Despite peace talks, a southern separatist group sporadically has clashed with government forces since 1982. Senegal has a long history of participating in international peacekeeping.
Birth rate - 35.72 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget - revenues: $1.304 billion


expenditures: $1.367 billion, including capital expenditures of $357 million (2003 est.)
Capital - Dakar
Climate tropical tropical; hot, humid; rainy season (May to November) has strong southeast winds; dry season (December to April) dominated by hot, dry, harmattan wind
Coastline 74.1 km 531 km
Constitution - a new constitution was adopted 7 January 2001
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands


conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands		 conventional long form: Republic of Senegal


conventional short form: Senegal


local long form: Republique du Senegal


local short form: Senegal
Currency - Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Death rate - 10.74 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external - $3.009 billion (2003 est.)
Dependency status territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Attorney-General's Department -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador Richard Alan ROTH


embassy: Avenue Jean XXIII at the corner of Rue Kleber, Dakar


mailing address: B. P. 49, Dakar


telephone: [221] 823-4296


FAX: [221] 822-2991
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador Amadou Lamine BA


chancery: 2112 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 234-0540


FAX: [1] (202) 332-6315


consulate(s) general: New York
Disputes - international Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to these islands; Australia closed parts of the Ashmore and Cartier Reserve to Indonesian traditional fishing and placed restrictions on certain catches The Gambia and Guinea-Bissau attempt to stem refugees, cross border raids, arms smuggling, and political instability from a separatist movement in Senegal's Casamance region
Economic aid - recipient - $362.6 million (2002 est.)
Economy - overview no economic activity In January 1994, Senegal undertook a bold and ambitious economic reform program with the support of the international donor community. This reform began with a 50% devaluation of Senegal's currency, the CFA franc, which was linked at a fixed rate to the French franc. Government price controls and subsidies have been steadily dismantled. After seeing its economy contract by 2.1% in 1993, Senegal made an important turnaround, thanks to the reform program, with real growth in GDP averaging 5% annually during 1995-2003. Annual inflation had been pushed down to the low single digits. As a member of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU), Senegal is working toward greater regional integration with a unified external tariff. Senegal also realized full Internet connectivity in 1996, creating a miniboom in information technology-based services. Private activity now accounts for 82% of GDP. On the negative side, Senegal faces deep-seated urban problems of chronic unemployment, trade union militancy, juvenile delinquency, and drug addiction.
Electricity - consumption - 1.412 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production - 1.518 billion kWh (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 3 m		 lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed feature near Nepen Diakha 581 m
Environment - current issues NA wildlife populations threatened by poaching; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification; overfishing
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
Ethnic groups - Wolof 43.3%, Pular 23.8%, Serer 14.7%, Jola 3.7%, Mandinka 3%, Soninke 1.1%, European and Lebanese 1%, other 9.4%
Exchange rates - Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 581.2 (2003), 696.988 (2002), 733.039 (2001), 711.976 (2000), 615.699 (1999)
Executive branch - chief of state: President Abdoulaye WADE (since 1 April 2000)


head of government: Prime Minister Macky SALL (since 21 April 2004)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister in consultation with the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term under new constitution; election last held 27 February and 19 March 2000 (next to be held 27 February 2005); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: Abdoulaye WADE elected president; percent of vote in the second round of voting - Abdoulaye WADE (PDS) 58.49%, Abdou DIOUF (PS) 41.51%
Exports - NA (2001)
Exports - commodities - fish, groundnuts (peanuts), petroleum products, phosphates, cotton
Exports - partners - India 13%, France 12.2%, Mali 9.5%, Italy 8.5%, Cote d'Ivoire 5.4%, Spain 5% (2003)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description the flag of Australia is used three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and red with a small green five-pointed star centered in the yellow band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia
GDP - purchasing power parity - $17.09 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 16.8%


industry: 27.2%


services: 56% (2003 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $1,600 (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 5.5% (2003 est.)
Geographic coordinates 12 14 S, 123 05 E 14 00 N, 14 00 W
Geography - note Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983 westernmost country on the African continent; The Gambia is almost an enclave within Senegal
Highways - total: 14,576 km


paved: 4,271 km including 7 km of expressways


unpaved: 10,305 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: 2.6%


highest 10%: 33.5% (1995)
Illicit drugs - transshipment point for Southwest and Southeast Asian heroin moving to Europe and North America; illicit cultivator of cannabis
Imports - NA (2001)
Imports - commodities - foods and beverages, capital goods, fuels
Imports - partners - France 24.9%, Nigeria 12.2%, Thailand 6.7%, Spain 4.3% (2003)
Independence - 4 April 1960 (from France); note - complete independence was achieved upon dissolution of federation with Mali on 20 August 1960
Industrial production growth rate - 2.9% (2003 est.)
Industries - agricultural and fish processing, phosphate mining, fertilizer production, petroleum refining, construction materials
Infant mortality rate - total: 56.53 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 60.25 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 52.71 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 0% (2003 est.)
International organization participation - ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, ECOWAS, FAO, FZ, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OIC, ONUB, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UNMIL, UNMOVIC, UNOCI, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Irrigated land 0 sq km 710 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch - Constitutional Court; Council of State; Court of Final Appeals or Cour de Cassation; Court of Appeals; note - the judicial system was reformed in 1992
Labor force - 4.62 million NA (2003)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture 70%
Land boundaries 0 km total: 2,640 km


border countries: The Gambia 740 km, Guinea 330 km, Guinea-Bissau 338 km, Mali 419 km, Mauritania 813 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2005)		 arable land: 12.78%


permanent crops: 0.21%


other: 87.01% (2001)
Languages - French (official), Wolof, Pulaar, Jola, Mandinka
Legal system the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply based on French civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Court; the Council of State audits the government's accounting office; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch - unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (120 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve five-year terms)


note: the former National Assembly, dissolved in the spring of 2001, had 140 seats


elections: last held 29 April 2001 (next to be held NA 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - SOPI Coalition 89, AFP 11, PS 10, other 10
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 56.56 years


male: 54.94 years


female: 58.23 years (2004 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 40.2%


male: 50%


female: 30.7% (2003 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, midway between northwestern Australia and Timor island Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea-Bissau and Mauritania
Map references Southeast Asia Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation		 territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force -
Military branches - Army, Navy, Air Force, National Gendarmerie, National Police (Surete Nationale)
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $95.8 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 1.5% (2003)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 2,490,290 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 1,301,761 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males: 119,833 (2004 est.)
National holiday - Independence Day, 4 April (1960)
Nationality - noun: Senegalese (singular and plural)


adjective: Senegalese
Natural hazards surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards lowlands seasonally flooded; periodic droughts
Natural resources fish fish, phosphates, iron ore
Net migration rate - 0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
People - note the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem -
Pipelines - gas 564 km (2004)
Political parties and leaders - African Party for Democracy and Socialism or And Jef (also known as PADS/AJ) [Landing SAVANE, secretary general]; African Party of Independence [Majhemout DIOP]; Alliance of Forces of Progress or AFP [Moustapha NIASSE]; Democratic and Patriotic Convention or CDP (also known as Garab-Gi) [Dr. Iba Der THIAM]; Democratic League-Labor Party Movement or LD-MPT [Dr. Abdoulaye BATHILY]; Front for Socialism and Democracy or FSD [Cheikh Abdoulaye DIEYE]; Gainde Centrist Bloc or BGC [Jean-Paul DIAS]; Independence and Labor Party or PIT [Amath DANSOKHO]; National Democratic Rally or RND [Madier DIOUF]; Senegalese Democratic Party or PDS [Abdoulaye WADE]; Socialist Party or PS [Ousmane Tanor DIENG]; SOPI Coalition (a coalition led by the PDS) [Abdoulaye WADE]; Union for Democratic Renewal or URD [Djibo Leyti KA]; other small parties
Political pressure groups and leaders - labor; Muslim brotherhoods; students; teachers
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island		 10,852,147 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line - 54% (2001 est.)
Population growth rate - 2.52% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors - Dakar, Kaolack, Matam, Podor, Richard Toll, Saint-Louis, Ziguinchor
Radio broadcast stations - AM 8, FM 20, shortwave 1 (2001)
Railways - total: 906 km


narrow gauge: 906 km 1.000-meter gauge (2003)
Religions - Muslim 94%, indigenous beliefs 1%, Christian 5% (mostly Roman Catholic)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.93 male(s)/female


total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: good system


domestic: above-average urban system; microwave radio relay, coaxial cable and fiber-optic cable in trunk system


international: country code - 221; 4 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 228,800 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 575,900 (2003)
Television broadcast stations - 1 (1997)
Terrain low with sand and coral generally low, rolling, plains rising to foothills in southeast
Total fertility rate - 4.84 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate - 48% (urban youth 40%) (2001 est.)
Waterways - 1,000 km (primarily on Senegal, Saloum, and Casamance rivers) (2003)
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